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Scientific Articles

NOT Open Access | Two Genetically Distinct Plasmodium knowlesi Duffy Binding Protein Alpha Region II (PkDBPαII) Haplotypes Demonstrate Higher Binding Level to Fy(a+b+) Erythrocytes than Fy(a+b-) Erythrocytes

March 23, 2020 - 14:12 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
Plasmodium knowlesi, fy(a+b+) erythrocytes, fy(a+b-) erythrocytes
Author(s): 
Liew CC, Lau YL, Fong MY, Cheong FW
Reference: 
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Mar 16

Invasion of human erythrocytes by merozoites of Plasmodium knowlesi involves interaction between the P. knowlesi Duffy binding protein alpha region II (PkDBPαII) and Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARCs) on the erythrocytes. Information is scarce on the binding level of PkDBPαII to different Duffy antigens, Fya and Fyb.

NOT Open Access | Climate Variability and Malaria over West Africa

March 23, 2020 - 14:10 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
Climate variability, malaria, west africa
Author(s): 
Diouf I, Fonseca BR, Caminade C, Thiaw WM, Deme A, Morse AP, Ndione JA, Gaye AT, Diaw A, Ngom Ndiaye MK
Reference: 
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Mar 16

Malaria is a major public health problem in West Africa. Previous studies have shown that climate variability significantly affects malaria transmission. The lack of continuous observed weather station data and the absence of surveillance data for malaria over long periods have led to the use of reanalysis data to drive malaria models.

NOT Open Access | Gaps between Knowledge and Malaria Treatment Practices after Intensive Anti-Malaria Campaigns in Western Kenya: 2004-2016

March 23, 2020 - 14:08 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
knowledge, Treatment, anti-malaria, western Kenya
Author(s): 
Zhou G, Hemming-Schroeder E, Gesuge M, Afrane YA, Lee MC, Atieli HE, Githeko AK, Yan G
Reference: 
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Mar 16

Effective case management is central for malaria control, but not all of those affected by malaria have access to prompt, effective treatment. In Kenya, free malaria treatment has been implemented since 2006. However, questions remain regarding effective treatment. We conducted cross-sectional epidemiological and questionnaire surveys in four counties in western Kenya in 2004, 2010, and 2016, and antimalarial availability surveys in 2016.

Safety Considerations for Malaria Volunteer Infection Studies: A Mini-Review

March 23, 2020 - 14:06 -- Open Access
Tags: 
safety, malaria
Author(s): 
Odedra A, McCarthy JS
Reference: 
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Mar 16

Malaria clinical studies entailing the experimental infection of healthy volunteers with Plasmodium parasites by bites from infected mosquitos, injection of cryopreserved sporozoites, or injection of blood-stage parasites provide valuable information for vaccine and drug development.

Letter. Driving forces for strengthening the surveillance of Chagas disease in the Brazilian Amazon by "training the eyes" of malaria microscopists

March 23, 2020 - 11:46 -- Open Access
Tags: 
Brazilian Amazon, malaria microscopists
Author(s): 
Monteiro WM, Barbosa MDGV, Guerra JAO, Melo GC, Barbosa LRA, Machado KVA, Abreu Netto RL, Lacerda MVG
Reference: 
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020 Mar 16;53:e20190423

Surveillance activities that are well developed in one area may act as driving forces for strengthening surveillance activities in other areas.

Role of Plasmodium falciparum Protein GEXP07 in Maurer's Cleft Morphology, Knob Architecture, and P. falciparum EMP1 Trafficking

March 23, 2020 - 11:40 -- Open Access
Tags: 
protein GEXP07, plasmodium falciparum, EMP1
Author(s): 
McHugh E, Carmo OMS, Dixon MWA, et al.
Reference: 
mBio. 2020 Mar 17;11(2). pii: e03320-19

The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum traffics the virulence protein P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) to the surface of infected red blood cells (RBCs) via membranous organelles, known as the Maurer’s clefts. We developed a method for efficient enrichment of Maurer’s clefts and profiled the protein composition of this trafficking organelle. We identified 13 previously uncharacterized or poorly characterized Maurer’s cleft proteins.

Re-introduction of vivax malaria in a temperate area (Moscow region, Russia): a geographic investigation

March 23, 2020 - 11:37 -- Open Access
Tags: 
vivax, malaria, Moscow, Russia
Author(s): 
Varvara A. Mironova, Natalia V. Shartova, Andrei E. Beljaev, Mikhail I. Varentsov, Fedor I. Korennoy and Mikhail Y. Grishchenko
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2020 19:116, 18 March 2020

Between 1999 and 2008 Russia experienced a flare-up of transmission of vivax malaria following its massive importation with more than 500 autochthonous cases in European Russia, the Moscow region being the most affected. The outbreak waned soon after a decrease in importation in mid-2000s and strengthening the control measures. Compared with other post-eradication epidemics in Europe this one was unprecedented by its extension and duration.

Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum and genetic profile in children affected by uncomplicated malaria in Cameroon

March 23, 2020 - 11:35 -- Open Access
Tags: 
genetic diversity, plasmodium falciparum, genetic profile, children, malaria, Cameroon
Author(s): 
Theresia Njuabe Metoh, Jun-Hu Chen, Philip Fon-Gah, Xia Zhou, Roger Moyou-Somo and Xiao-Nong Zhou
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2020 19:115, 8 March 2020

Malaria is a major public health problem in Cameroon. The study of the genetic diversity within parasite population is essential for understanding the mechanism underlying malaria pathology and to determine parasite clones profile in an infection, for proper malaria control strategies. The objective of this study was to perform a molecular characterization of highly polymorphic genetic markers of Plasmodium falciparum, and to determine allelic distribution with their influencing factors valuable to investigate malaria transmission dynamics in Cameroon.

Malaria situation in a clear area of Iran: an approach for the better understanding of the health service providers’ readiness and challenges for malaria elimination in clear areas

March 23, 2020 - 11:33 -- Open Access
Tags: 
Iran, health service providers, readiness, challenges, malaria elimination
Author(s): 
Hosein Azizi, Elham Davtalab-Esmaeili, Mostafa Farahbakhsh, Maryam Zeinolabedini, Yagoub Mirzaei and Mohammad Mirzapour
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2020 19:114, 18 March 2020

Malaria mortality and morbidity have decreased in recent years. Malaria elimination (ME) and effective efforts to achieve ME is one of the most important priorities for health systems in countries in the elimination phase. In very low transmission areas, the ME programme is faced with serious challenges. This study aimed to assess the trend while getting a better understanding of Health Service Providers’ (HSPs) readiness and challenges for ME in a clear area of Iran.

Characterization of two in vivo challenge models to measure functional activity of monoclonal antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein

March 23, 2020 - 11:30 -- Open Access
Tags: 
in vivo challenge models, monoclonal antibodies, plasmodium falciparum, circumsporozoite protein
Author(s): 
Rama Raghunandan, Bryan T. Mayer, Fidel Zavala, et al.
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2020 19:113, 17 March 2020

New strategies are needed to reduce the incidence of malaria, and promising approaches include the development of vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target the circumsporozoite protein (CSP). To select the best candidates and speed development, it is essential to standardize preclinical assays to measure the potency of such interventions in animal models.

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