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Scientific Articles

NOT Open Access | Peripheral Merozoite Surface Proteins Are Targets of Naturally Acquired Immunity against Malaria in both India and Ghana

March 30, 2020 - 10:37 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
peripheral merozoite surface proteins, naturally acquired immunity, malaria, India, Ghana
Author(s): 
Garcia-Senosiain A, Kana IH, Singh SK, Chourasia BK, Das MK, Dodoo D, Singh S, Adu B, Theisen M
Reference: 
Infect Immun. 2020 Mar 23;88(4). pii: e00778-19

Development of a successful blood-stage vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a high priority. Immune-epidemiological studies are effective tools for the identification of antigenic targets of naturally acquired immunity (NAI) against malaria. However, differences in study design and methodology may compromise interstudy comparisons.

NOT Open Access | Bacterial natural products in the fight against mosquito-transmitted tropical diseases

March 30, 2020 - 10:30 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
bacterial natural products, mosquito, tropical diseases
Author(s): 
Saraiva RG, Dimopoulos G
Reference: 
Nat Prod Rep. 2020 Mar 25;37(3):338-354

Secondary metabolites of microbial origin have long been acknowledged as medically relevant, but their full potential remains largely unexploited. Of the countless natural compounds discovered thus far, only 5–10% have been isolated from microorganisms.

NOT Open Access | Anibamine and Its Analogues: Potent Antiplasmodial Agents from Aniba citrifolia

March 30, 2020 - 10:28 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
anibamine, antiplasmodial agents, aniba citrifolia
Author(s): 
Du Y, Valenciano AL, Dai Y, Zheng Y, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Clement J, Goetz M, Kingston DGI, Cassera MB
Reference: 
J Nat Prod. 2020 Mar 27;83(3):569-577

In our continuing search for novel natural products with antiplasmodial activity, an extract of Aniba citrifolia was found to have good activity, with an IC50 value less than 1.25 μg/mL. After bioassay-directed fractionation, the known indolizinium alkaloid anibamine (1) and the new indolizinium alkaloid anibamine B (2) were isolated as the major bioactive constituents, with antiplasmodial IC50 values of 0.170 and 0.244 μM against the drug-resistant Dd2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum.

A Computer Modelling Approach To Evaluate the Accuracy of Microsatellite Markers for Classification of Recurrent Infections during Routine Monitoring of Antimalarial Drug Efficacy

March 30, 2020 - 10:26 -- Open Access
Tags: 
microsatellite markers recurrent infections, antimalarial drug
Author(s): 
Jones S, Plucinski M, Kay K, Hodel EM, Hastings IM
Reference: 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Mar 24;64(4). pii: e01517-19

Antimalarial drugs have long half-lives, so clinical trials to monitor their efficacy require long periods of follow-up to capture drug failure that may become patent only weeks after treatment. Reinfections often occur during follow-up, so robust methods of distinguishing drug failures (recrudescence) from emerging new infections are needed to produce accurate failure rate estimates. Molecular correction aims to achieve this by comparing the genotype of a patient’s pretreatment (initial) blood sample with that of any infection that occurs during follow-up, with matching genotypes indicating drug failure.

NOT Open Access | Linking environment, malaria, and agricultural returns: a labor time use analysis at different stages of production using 3SLS

March 30, 2020 - 10:23 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
linking environment, malaria, agricultural returns
Author(s): 
Rose S, Ali MF, Bakhsh K, Ashfaq M, Hassan S
Reference: 
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Mar 27

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of disease on time spent by family and hired labor on farm activities. The effect of illness on cost incurred on farm activities and revenue earned from agriculture has also been examined in detail. The reason behind choosing malaria is because of its strong association with the quality of surrounding environment especially in the case of farm workers who are compelled to work in the environmental conditions quite suitable for the transmission of malaria.

NOT Open Access | Interactions between antenatal sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites and delivery outcomes in Malawi

March 30, 2020 - 10:21 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
antenatal, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, drug-resistant, pasmodium falciparum, Malawi
Author(s): 
Taylor SM, Levitt B, Freedman B, Madanitsa M, Thwai KL, Kalilani-Phiri L, Khairallah C, Mwapasa V, Ter Kuile FO, Meshnick SR
Reference: 
J Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 28. pii: jiaa145

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is used as intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp) for malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. The resistance marker dhps A581G has been associated with reduced IPTp-SP efficacy and enhanced morbidity in SP-recipients.

NOT Open Access | Impact of malaria in pregnancy on risk of malaria in young children: systematic review and meta-analyses

March 30, 2020 - 10:19 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
pregnancy, malaria, children
Author(s): 
Park S, Nixon CE, Miller O, Choi NK, Kurtis JD, Friedman JF, Michelow IC
Reference: 
J Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 27. pii: jiaa139

Our objective was to quantify the risk of acquiring malaria among progeny of women with malaria during pregnancy.

Not Open Access | The last British malaria outbreak

March 30, 2020 - 10:17 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
British, malaria, outbreak
Author(s): 
Walker MD
Reference: 
British Journal of General Practice 2020; 70 (693): 182-183

We inevitably associate malaria with tropical climates where the vector Anopheles mosquitoes are abundant. In 2017, there were an estimated 219 million cases worldwide, predominately in sub-Saharan Africa and India, resulting in 435 000 deaths.

In Vitro Activities of MMV Malaria Box Compounds against the Apicomplexan Parasite Neospora caninum, the Causative Agent of Neosporosis in Animals

March 30, 2020 - 10:15 -- Open Access
Tags: 
in vitro, malaria, apicomplexan, neospora caninum
Author(s): 
Müller J, Winzer PA, Samby K, Hemphill A
Reference: 
Molecules. 2020 Mar 24;25(6). pii: E1460

Neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle and represents a veterinary health problem of great economic significance. In order to identify novel chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of neosporosis, the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Malaria Box, a unique collection of anti-malarial compounds, were screened against N. caninum tachyzoites, and the most efficient compounds were characterized in more detail.

Impact of the first-line treatment shift from dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine to artesunate/mefloquine on Plasmodium vivax drug susceptibility in Cambodia

March 30, 2020 - 10:11 -- Open Access
Tags: 
dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine, artesunate/mefloquine, Plasmodium vivax, drug susceptibility, Cambodia
Author(s): 
Roesch C, Mairet-Khedim M, Kim S, Lek D, Popovici J, Witkowski B
Reference: 
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Mar 24. pii: dkaa092

Cambodia is the epicentre of the emergence of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance. Much less is known regarding the drug susceptibility of the co-endemic Plasmodium vivax. Only in vitro drug assays can determine the parasite’s intrinsic susceptibility, but these are challenging to implement for P. vivax and rarely performed.

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