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Scientific Articles

Chlorproguanil–Dapsone–Artesunate versus Chlorproguanil–Dapsone: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Trial in African Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Tags:

Author(s):

Alfred B. Tiono, Alassane Dicko, Dennis A. Ndububa, Tsiri Agbenyega, Simon Pitmang, Jacob Awobusuyi, Allan Pamba, Stephan Duparc, Li-Ean Goh, Emma Harrell, Nick Carter, Stephen A. Ward, Brian Greenwood, AND Peter A. Winstanley

Reference:

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009;81 969-978

This multi-center, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, double-dummy study compared the efficacy and safety of chlorproguanil–dapsone–artesunate (CDA) and chlorproguanil–dapsone (CPG–DDS) in the treatment of falciparum malaria in Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Nigeria).

Continent:

Africa

Medical Treatment:

Chlorproguanil–Dapsone–Artesunate

hlorproguanil–Dapsone

Recurrent Parasitemias and Population Dynamics of Plasmodium vivax Polymorphisms in Rural Amazonia

Author(s):

Pamela Orjuela-Sánchez, Natal Santos da Silva, Mônica da Silva-Nunes, AND Marcelo Urbano Ferreira

Reference:

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009;81 961-968

Here we describe high rates of P. vivax recurrence (26–40% 180 days after treatment) in two cohorts of rural Amazonians exposed to low levels of malaria transmission after a vivax malaria episode treated with chloroquine-primaquine.

Region:

Amazon

Medical Condition:

Plasmodium vivax

Medical Treatment:

chloroquine-primaquine

Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Infections in the Peruvian Amazon: Propagation of Complex, Multiple Allele-Type Infections without Super-Infection

Author(s):

Patrick L. Sutton, Victor Neyra, Jean N. Hernandez, AND OraLee H. Branch

Reference:

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009;81 950-960

The results suggest propagation of mixed infections by multiple inocula, not super-infection, implying decade-long opportunity for outcrossing in these mixed infections.

Country:

Peru

Region:

Amazon

Medical Condition:

Plasmodium falciparum

Plasmodium vivax

A Temporal-Spatial Analysis of Malaria Transmission in Adama, Ethiopia

Tags:

malaria

Author(s):

Ingrid Peterson, Luisa N. Borrell, Wafaa El-Sadr, AND Awash Teklehaimanot

Reference:

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009;81 944-949

Findings support the use of small scale mapping and targeted vector control in urban malaria control programs in Africa.

Technology:

temporal-spatial analysis

Country:

Ethiopia

City:

Adama

Health Seeking Behavior after Fever Onset in a Malaria-Endemic Area of Malawi

Author(s):

Ruben E. Mujica Mota, Antonieta Medina Lara, Esthery D. Kunkwenzu, AND David G. Lalloo

Reference:

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009;81 935-943

Informal sources of care may lead to ineffective use of antimalarial drugs. A survey conducted in Malawi estimated the frequency of use of informal and formal services, medications, and household costs.

Country:

Malawi

Region:

malaria endemic

Medical Condition:

fever

Medical Treatment:

health seeking behavior

Perspective: Rapid Malaria Tests: Where Do We Go After 20 Years?

Tags:

malaria

Author(s):

Michael T. Makler AND Robert C. Piper

Reference:

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009;81 921-926

We propose that the study and implementation of such RDTs should be aggressively advanced and propose a series of questions that can guide efforts.

Technology:

Rapid Malaria Test

RDT

Open Access | Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry: Falcipain-2 inhibitors

Tags:

malaria

Author(s):

Roberta Ettari, Floriana Bova, Maria Zappalà, Silvana Grasso, Nicola Micale

Reference:

Medicinal Research Reviews, Volume 30 Issue 1, Pages 136 – 167

This review is focused on inhibitors of falcipain-2, a cysteine protease from P. falciparum, which represents one of the most promising targets for antimalarial drug design.

Medical Condition:

Falcipain-2 inhibitors

antimalarial

drug

Phylogeny of Asian primate malaria parasites inferred from apicoplast genome-encoded genes with special emphasis on the positions of Plasmodium vivax and P. fragile

Tags:

malaria

Author(s):

Hideya Mitsui, Nobuko Arisue, Naoko Sakihama, Yuji Inagaki, Toshihiro Horii, Masami Hasegawa, Kazuyuki Tanabe, Tetsuo Hashimoto

Reference:

Gene, Volume 450, Issues 1-2, 15 January 2010, Pages 32-38

The present analyses place P. fragile in a position that is incongruent with the early branching status of P. fragile amongst P-vivax-related primate Plasmodium species propose by Escalante et al. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005 102: 1980).

Continent:

Asia

Medical Condition:

Plasmodium vivax

Plasmodium fragile

Research Highlight : Antimalarial drugs : Ozonides to the rescue

Author(s):

Richard White

Reference:

Nature Chemistry (4 December 2009)

No Abstract Available

Medical Treatment:

antimalarial drug

Ozonides

Review: Low Complexity Regions behave as tRNA sponges to help co-translational folding of plasmodial proteins

Author(s):

Magali Frugier, Tania Bour, Maya Ayach, Manuel A.S. Santos, Joëlle Rudinger-Thirion, Anne Théobald-Dietrich, Elizabetta Pizzi

Reference:

FEBS Letters, Volume 584, Issue 2, 21 January 2010, Pages 448-454

In our model, the abundant Low Complexity Regions present in Plasmodium proteins replace the codon preferences, which influence the assembly of protein secondary structures.

Medical Condition:

Plasmodium falciparum

low complexity regions

co-translational folding

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