Scientific Articles

Prime-boost vectored malaria vaccines: Progress and prospects

Author(s):

Adrian V. S. Hill, Arturo Reyes-Sandoval, Geraldine O’Hara, Katie Ewer, Alison Lawrie, Anna Goodman, Alfredo Nicosia, Antonella Folgori, Stefano Colloca, Riccardo Cortese, Sarah C. Gilbert and Simon Draper

Reference:

Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2010

The difficulty of inducing protective immunity through antibodies against sporozoites led to efforts to assess vectored vaccines as a means of inducing protective T cell immunity against the malaria liver-stage parasite. Although DNA vectored vaccines used alone were poorly immunogenic and not protective, high levels of parasite clearance in the liver has been achieved with viral vectored vaccines used in heterologous prime-boost regimes.

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Medical Treatment:

Vaccines against malaria: Perspectives from Papua New Guinea

Author(s):

Ivo Mueller, Blaise Genton, Inoni Betuela and Michael P. Alpers

Reference:

Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2010

Despite its small population and isolate location Papua New Guinea (PNG) with a malaria burden comparable to sub-Saharan Africa, its intense transmission of all 4 human Plasmodium species and an unrivalled combination of environmental and human variation offers unique perspectives on malaria vaccines.

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Guidelines and considerations for testing malaria vaccines in pregnant women

Tags:

malaria

Author(s):

Clara Menendez and Pedro Alonso

Reference:

Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2010

Important progress has been made in the last years especially in sub-Saharan Africa, with the introduction of strategies to prevent malaria in pregnancy consisting of intermittent preventive treatment and insecticide treated nets. However, their coverage is still unacceptably low and malaria continues to demand a huge toll on pregnant women and their newborns. Thus, there is a need to explore other preventive strategies such as a vaccine against malaria, which combined with the current tools would maximise the protection efficacy.

Person:

pregnant

women

Medical Treatment:

vaccines

Special Focus Review: European malaria vaccine initiative: Portfolio and perspectives for the future

Tags:

malaria

Author(s):

Egeruan Babatunde Imoukhuede, Roland Ventura, Nathalie Imbault, Harry van Schooten and Odile Leroy

Reference:

Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2010

Over the past ten years, EMVI has continually strived to maintain its main goal of accelerating the development of candidate malaria vaccines by facilitating the translational gap between promising experimental malaria vaccines and subsequent clinical trials in Europe and in Africa. By stimulating collaboration, cooperation, networking and joint integrated activities across various fields of research and diseases, and by facilitating the federation of research infrastructures, EMVI is acting today as a catalyst for tomorrow’s vaccines.

Organization:

European malaria vaccine initiative

EMVI

Medical Treatment:

vaccine

Special Focus Review: The role of Plasmodium falciparum variant surface antigens in protective immunity and vaccine development

Author(s):

Lars Hviid

Reference:

Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2010

This review summarizes the evidence that VSAs are important targets of NAI, discusses why VSA-based vaccines might be feasible despite the extensive intra- and interclonal variation of VSAs, and how vaccines based on this type of antigens fit into the current global strategy to reduce, eliminate, and eventually eradicate the burden of malaria.

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Heritability of Antibody Isotype and Subclass Responses to Plasmodium falciparum Antigens

Author(s):

Tetteh KKA, Whittle HC, et al.

Reference:

PLoS ONE 4(10): e7381. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007381

Genome-wide approaches are now warranted to map the major genetic determinants of variable antibody isotype and subclass responses to malaria, alongside evaluation of their impact on infection and disease. Although plasma levels of IgG4 to malaria antigens are generally low, the exceptionally high heritability of levels of this subclass in children deserves particular investigation.

Technology:

Genomics

Medical Condition:

Plasmodium falciparum malaria

antigen

Absence of Erythrocyte Sequestration and Lack of Multicopy Gene Family Expression in Plasmodium falciparum from a Splenectomized Malaria Patient

Author(s):

Predehl S, von Kalckreuth V, et al.

Reference:

PLoS ONE 4(10): e7459. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007459

This case strongly supports the hypothesis that parasite surface proteins such as PfEMP1, A-type RIFIN or STEVOR are involved in interactions of infected erythrocytes with endothelial receptors mediating sequestration of mature asexual and immature sexual stages of P. falciparum. In contrast, multicopy gene families coding for B-type RIFIN and PfMC-2TM proteins may not be involved in sequestration, as these genes were transcribed in infected but not sequestered erythrocytes.

Medical Condition:

Plasmodium falciparum malaria

sequestration

erythrocyte

splenectomy

Special Focus Review: The past decade in malaria synthetic peptide vaccine clinical trials

Author(s):

Elizabeth Nardin

Reference:

Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2010

Over the past decade (2000 – 2009), there have been nine clinical trials of synthetic malaria peptide vaccines designed to target the pre-erythrocytic and erythrocytic stages of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. The results of these clinical trials, while encouraging, have emphasized the critical roles of immunological assays, in particular functional assays, for the evaluation of potential vaccine candidates. Additional challenges include the need for potent adjuvants for the development of synthetic peptide vaccines that can effectively target multiple stages of the Plasmodium parasite.

Medical Condition:

Medical Treatment:

Identification of Plasmodium malariae, a Human Malaria Parasite, in Imported Chimpanzees

Author(s):

Hayakawa T, Arisue N, Udono T, Hirai H, Sattabongkot J, et al.

Reference:

PLoS ONE 4(10): e7412. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007412

It is widely believed that human malaria parasites infect only man as a natural host. However, earlier morphological observations suggest that great apes are likely to be natural reservoirs as well. To identify malaria parasites in great apes, we screened 60 chimpanzees imported into Japan.

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Book review: Review of "Primate Parasite Ecology: The dynamics and study of host-parasite relationships" by Michael A. Huffman and Colin A. Chapman (Eds.)

Author(s):

Poinar G

Reference:

Parasites & Vectors 2009, 2:49 (16 October 2009)

Book review of "Primate Parasite Ecology: The dynamics and study of host-parasite relationships" by Michael A. Huffman and Colin A. Chapman (Eds.)

Technology:

primate

parasite

ecology

host-parasite interaction

The world's scientific and social network for malaria professionals

Prime-boost vectored malaria vaccines: Progress and prospects

Vaccines against malaria: Perspectives from Papua New Guinea

Guidelines and considerations for testing malaria vaccines in pregnant women

Special Focus Review: European malaria vaccine initiative: Portfolio and perspectives for the future

Special Focus Review: The role of Plasmodium falciparum variant surface antigens in protective immunity and vaccine development

Heritability of Antibody Isotype and Subclass Responses to Plasmodium falciparum Antigens

Absence of Erythrocyte Sequestration and Lack of Multicopy Gene Family Expression in Plasmodium falciparum from a Splenectomized Malaria Patient

Special Focus Review: The past decade in malaria synthetic peptide vaccine clinical trials

Identification of Plasmodium malariae, a Human Malaria Parasite, in Imported Chimpanzees

Book review: Review of "Primate Parasite Ecology: The dynamics and study of host-parasite relationships" by Michael A. Huffman and Colin A. Chapman (Eds.)

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