in vitro

NOT Open Access | Novel Antiplasmodial Compounds Leveraged with Multistage Potency against the Parasite Plasmodium falciparum: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations and Pharmacokinetic Studies

Tags:

antiplasmodial compound, plasmodium falciparum, in vitro, in vivo

Author(s):

Sharma N, Kashif M, Singh V, Fontinha D, Mukherjee B, Kumar D, Singh S, Prudencio M, Singh AP, Rathi B

Reference:

J Med Chem. 2021 Jun 14

Hydroxyethylamine (HEA)-based novel compounds were synthesized and their activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 was assessed, identifying a few hits without any apparent toxicity. Hits 5c and 5d also exhibited activity against resistant field strains, PfRKL-9 and PfC580Y. A single dose, 50 mg/Kg, of hits administered to the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei ANKA exhibited up to 70% reduction in the parasite load.

NOT Open Access | Artesunate inhibits melanoma progression in vitro via suppressing STAT3 signaling pathway

Tags:

malaria, artesunate, in vitro, melanoma

Author(s):

Berköz M, Özkan-Yılmaz F, Özlüer-Hunt A, Krośniak M, Türkmen Ö, Korkmaz D, Keskin S

Reference:

Pharmacol Rep. 2021 Feb 20

Melanoma is a life-threatening cancer characterized with a potentially metastatic tumor of melanocytic origin. Improved methods or novel therapies are urgently needed to eliminate the development of metastases. Artesunate is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin used for trarment of malaria and cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effect of artesunate and the role on STAT3 signaling in A375 human melanoma cell line.

NOT Open Access | Affinity purification of Plasmodium ookinetes from in vitro cultures using extracellular matrix gel

Tags:

mosquito, malaria, plasmodium ookinete, in vitro

Author(s):

Recio-Tótoro B, Condé R, Claudio-Piedras F, Lanz-Mendoza H

Reference:

Parasitol Int. 2021 Feb;80:102242

Malaria transmission depends on the parasites' successful invasion of the mosquito. This is achieved by the ookinete, a motile zygote that forms in the blood bolus after the mosquito takes an infectious blood meal. The ookinete invades the midgut epithelium and strongly attaches to the basal lamina, differentiating into an oocyst that produces the vertebrate-invasive sporozoites.

NOT Open Access | Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase as a model in the search for new inhibitors by high throughput screening

Tags:

plasmodium falciparum, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, in vitro, in vivo

Author(s):

Holanda RJ, Deves C, Pereira da Silva LH, et al.

Reference:

Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Dec 15;165(Pt B):1832-1841

Studies have shown that inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase (PfPNP) blocks the purine salvage pathway in vitro and in vivo. In this study, PfPNP was evaluated as a model in the search for new inhibitors using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Its expression, purification, oligomeric state, kinetic constants, calorimetric parameters and kinetic mechanisms were obtained. PfPNP was immobilized on a CM5 sensor chip and sensorgrams were produced through binding the enzyme to the substrate MESG and interactions between molecules contained in 10 fractions of natural extracts.

NOT Open Access | Assessment of in vitro and in vivo antimalarial efficacy and GC-fingerprints of selected medicinal plant extracts

Tags:

in vitro, in vivo, antimalarial drug, drug resistance, plasmodium falciparum

Author(s):

Sachdeva C, Mohanakrishnan D, Kumar S, Kaushik NK

Reference:

Exp Parasitol. 2020 Dec;219:108011

A hallmark of mortality and morbidity, malaria is affecting nearly half of the world's population. Emergence of drug-resistant strains of malarial parasite prompts identification and evaluation of medicinal plants and their constituents that may hold the key to a new and effective anti-malarial drug. In this context, nineteen methanolic extracts from seventeen medicinal plants were evaluated for anti-plasmodial potential against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 (Chloroquine (CQ) sensitive) and INDO (CQ resistant) using fluorescence based SYBR-Green assay and for cytotoxic effects against mammalian cell lines.

NOT Open Access | A chimeric Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein Antibody Recognises and Blocks Erythrocytic P. cynomolgi Berok Merozoites In Vitro

Tags:

plasmodium, vivax, cynomolgi, PvMSP1-19, in vitro, vaccine

Author(s):

Shen FH, Ong JJY, Sun YF, Lei Y, Chu RL, Kassegne K, Fu HT, Jin C, Han ET, Russell B, Han JH, Cheng Y

Reference:

Infect Immun. 2020 Nov 16:IAI.00645-20

Research on erythrocytic Plasmodium vivax merozoite antigens is critical for identifying potential vaccine candidates in reducing vivax disease. However, many P. vivax studies are constrained by its inability to undergo long-term culture in vitro Conserved across all Plasmodium spp, merozoite surface proteins are essential for invasion into erythrocytes and highly expressed on erythrocytic merozoites, thus making it an ideal vaccine candidate.

Dimethyl fumarate reduces TNF and Plasmodium falciparum induced brain endothelium activation in vitro

Tags:

cerebral malaria, dimethyl fumarate, plasmodium falciparum, brain endothelium, in vitro

Author(s):

Neida K. Mita-Mendoza, Ariel Magallon-Tejada, Priyanka Parmar, Raquel Furtado, Margaret Aldrich, Alex Saidi, Terrie Taylor, Joe Smith, Karl Seydel and Johanna P. Daily

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:376, 21 October 2020

Cerebral malaria (CM) is associated with morbidity and mortality despite the use of potent anti-malarial agents. Brain endothelial cell activation and dysfunction from oxidative and inflammatory host responses and products released by Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IE), are likely the major contributors to the encephalopathy, seizures, and brain swelling that are associated with CM. The development of adjunctive therapy to reduce the pathological consequences of host response pathways could improve outcomes. A potentially protective role of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway, which serves as a therapeutic target in brain microvascular diseases and central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis was tested to protect endothelial cells in an in vitro culture system subjected to tumour necrosis factor (TNF) or infected red blood cell exposure. NRF2 is a transcription factor that mediates anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory responses.

From Circulation to Cultivation: Plasmodium In Vivo versus In Vitro

Tags:

malaria, plasmodium, in vivo, in vitro

Author(s):

Brown AC, Guler JL

Reference:

Trends Parasitol. 2020 Sep 18:S1471-4922(20)30224-5

Research on Plasmodium parasites has driven breakthroughs in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality. Experimental analysis of in vivo/ex vivo versus in vitro samples serve unique roles in Plasmodium research. However, these distinctly different environments lead to discordant biology between parasites in host circulation and those under laboratory cultivation.

Antimalarial drugs inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2: an in vitro evaluation

Tags:

antimalarial drugs, SARS-CoV-2, in vitro, chloroquine, lumefantrine, piperaquine, dihydroartemisinin, Africa

Author(s):

Gendrot M, Andreani J, Pradines B, et al.

Reference:

Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 8:101873

In December 2019, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China. African countries see slower dynamic of COVID-19 cases and deaths. One of the assumptions that may explain this later emergence in Africa, and more particularly in malaria endemic areas, would be the use of antimalarial drugs.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Potential of Artemisinins In Vitro

Tags:

anti-SARS-CoV-2, artemisinins, in vitro, antimalarial drug, herbs, China

Author(s):

Cao R, Hu H, Li Y, Wang X, Xu M, Liu J, Zhang H, Yan Y, Zhao L, Li W, Zhang T, Xiao D, Guo X, Li Y, Yang J, Hu Z, Wang M, Zhong W

Reference:

ACS Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 11;6(9):2524-2531

The discovery of novel drug candidates with anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) potential is critical for the control of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Artemisinin, an old antimalarial drug derived from Chinese herbs, has saved millions of lives. Artemisinins are a cluster of artemisinin-related drugs developed for the treatment of malaria and have been reported to have multiple pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antiviral, and immune modulation.

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NOT Open Access | Novel Antiplasmodial Compounds Leveraged with Multistage Potency against the Parasite Plasmodium falciparum: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations and Pharmacokinetic Studies

NOT Open Access | Artesunate inhibits melanoma progression in vitro via suppressing STAT3 signaling pathway

NOT Open Access | Affinity purification of Plasmodium ookinetes from in vitro cultures using extracellular matrix gel

NOT Open Access | Plasmodium falciparum purine nucleoside phosphorylase as a model in the search for new inhibitors by high throughput screening

NOT Open Access | Assessment of in vitro and in vivo antimalarial efficacy and GC-fingerprints of selected medicinal plant extracts

NOT Open Access | A chimeric Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein Antibody Recognises and Blocks Erythrocytic P. cynomolgi Berok Merozoites In Vitro

Dimethyl fumarate reduces TNF and Plasmodium falciparum induced brain endothelium activation in vitro

From Circulation to Cultivation: Plasmodium In Vivo versus In Vitro

Antimalarial drugs inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2: an in vitro evaluation

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Potential of Artemisinins In Vitro

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