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genotype

High frequency of the Duffy-negative genotype and absence of Plasmodium vivax infections in Ghana

February 20, 2021 - 08:35 -- Open Access
Tags: 
genotype, Plasmodium vivax, asymptomatic, malaria, Ghana
Author(s): 
Charles A. Brown, Prince J. Pappoe-Ashong, Nancy Duah, Anita Ghansah, Harry Asmah, Edwin Afari and Kwadwo A. Koram
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2021 20:99, 17 February 2021

Recent studies from different malaria-endemic regions including western Africa have now shown that Plasmodium vivax can infect red blood cells (RBCs) and cause clinical disease in Duffy-negative people, though the Duffy-negative phenotype was thought to confer complete refractoriness against blood invasion with P. vivax. The actual prevalence of P. vivax in local populations in Ghana is unknown and little information is available about the distribution of Duffy genotypes. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of P. vivax in both asymptomatic and symptomatic outpatients and the distribution of Duffy genotypes in Ghana.

Differential Impact of Nevirapine on Artemether-Lumefantrine Pharmacokinetics in Individuals Stratified by CYP2B6 c.516G>T Genotypes

February 24, 2020 - 13:42 -- Open Access
Tags: 
nevirapine, artemether-lumefantrine, Pharmacokinetics, genotype
Author(s): 
Abdullahi ST, Soyinka JO, Olagunju A, Bolarinwa RA, Olarewaju OJ, Bakare-Odunola MT, Winterberg M, Tarning J, Owen A, Khoo S
Reference: 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Feb 21;64(3). pii: e00947-19

There is an increased recognition of the need to identify and quantify the impact of genetic polymorphisms on drug-drug interactions. This study investigated the pharmacogenetics of the pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction between nevirapine and artemether-lumefantrine in HIV-positive and HIV-negative adult Nigerian subjects. Thirty each of HIV-infected patients on nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy and HIV-negative volunteers without clinical malaria, but with predetermined CYP2B6 c.516GG and TT genotypes, were administered a complete treatment dose of 3 days of artemether-lumefantrine. Rich pharmacokinetic sampling prior to and following the last dose was conducted, and the plasma concentrations of artemether/dihydroartemisinin and lumefantrine/desbutyl-lumefantrine were quantified using tandem mass spectrometry.

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