Duffy Phenotype and Plasmodium vivax Infections in Humans and Apes, Africa
Reference:
Emerging Infectious Diseases, October 2012
These findings are supported by a report from Madagascar (where the human population is composed of a mixture of Duffy-positive and Duffy-negative persons), in which 42 (8.8%) of 476 Duffy-negative persons who had symptoms of malaria were reported to be positive for P. vivax by both microscopy and PCR.
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This PfSPZ vaccine has been shown to be safe but of low immunogenicity and hence protective efficacy as shown after challenge with infected mosquitoes.
A nested-PCR protocol based on the linker region of the Plasmodium dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase gene (dhfr-ts) was developed.