Zanzibar

Human behaviour and residual malaria transmission in Zanzibar: findings from in-depth interviews and direct observation of community events

Tags:

Author(s):

April Monroe, Kimberly Mihayo, Steven Harvey, et al.

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2019 18:220, 1 July 2019

Zanzibar has maintained malaria prevalence below 1% for the past decade, yet elimination remains elusive despite high coverage of core vector control interventions. As part of a study investigating the magnitude and drivers of residual transmission in Zanzibar, qualitative methods were utilized to better understand night time activities and sleeping patterns, individual and community-level risk perceptions, and malaria prevention practices.

Country:

Zanzibar

Field Evaluation of a High Throughput Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification Test for the Detection of Asymptomatic Plasmodium Infections in Zanzibar

Tags:

plasmodium infections

Author(s):

Berit Aydin-Schmidt, Ulrika Morris, Anders Björkman, et al.

Reference:

PLoS ONE 12(1): e016903

Although field applicable, this high throughput format of LAMP as used here was not sensitive enough to be recommended for detection of asymptomatic low-density infections in areas like Zanzibar, approaching malaria elimination.

Country:

Zanzibar

Not Open Access | Mass Screening and Treatment on the Basis of Results of a Plasmodium falciparum-Specific Rapid Diagnostic Test Did Not Reduce Malaria Incidence in Zanzibar

Tags:

plasmodium falciparum, malaria

Author(s):

Jackie Cook, Weiping Xu, Anders Björkman, et al.

Reference:

J Infect Dis. (2015) 211 (9): 1476-14

Data on confirmed malarial parasite infections from health facilities in intervention and hot spot control areas were monitored as proxy for malaria transmission.

Country:

Zanzibar

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for point-of-care detection of asymptomatic low-density malaria parasite carriers in Zanzibar

Tags:

LAMP; low-density; malaria, plasmodium falciparum

Author(s):

Jackie Cook, Berit Aydin-Schmidt, Anders Björkman, et al.

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2015, 14:43 (28 January 2015)

This study piloted a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) kit for field-friendly, high-throughput detection of asymptomatic malaria infections during mass screening and treatment (MSAT) in Zanzibar, a malaria pre-elimination setting.

Country:

Zanzibar

The dynamics of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles arabiensis from Zanzibar and an assessment of the underlying genetic basis

Tags:

anopheles arabiensis

Author(s):

Jones CM, Haji KA, Khatib BO, Bagi J, Mcha J, Devine GJ, Daley M, Kabula B, Ali AS, Majambere S, Ranson H

Reference:

Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6 :343 (6 December 2013)

Background

The emergence of pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis, threatens to undermine the considerable gains made towards eliminating malaria on Zanzibar. Previously, resistance was restricted to the island of Pemba while mosquitoes from Unguja, the larger of the two islands of Zanzibar, were susceptible. Here, we characterised the mechanism(s) responsible for resistance on Zanzibar using a combination of gene expression and target-site mutation assays.

Country:

Zanzibar

Medical Condition:

pyrethroid

The dynamics of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles arabiensis from Zanzibar and an assessment of the underlying genetic basis

Tags:

anopheles arabiensis

Author(s):

Jones CM, Haji KA, Khatib BO, Bagi J, Mcha J, Devine GJ, Daley M, Kabula B, Ali AS, Majambere S, Ranson H

Reference:

Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6 : 343 (6 December 2013)

Background

The emergence of pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis, threatens to undermine the considerable gains made towards eliminating malaria on Zanzibar. Previously, resistance was restricted to the island of Pemba while mosquitoes from Unguja, the larger of the two islands of Zanzibar, were susceptible. Here, we characterised the mechanism(s) responsible for resistance on Zanzibar using a combination of gene expression and target-site mutation assays.

Methods

Country:

Zanzibar

Medical Treatment:

pyrethroid

NOT Open Access | Developmental effects of micronutrient supplementation and malaria in Zanzibari children

Tags:

malaria

Author(s):

Deanna K. Olney, Patricia K. Kariger, Rebecca J. Stoltzfus, Sabra S. Khalfan, Nadra S. Ali, James M. Tielsch, Sunil Sazawal, Robert Black, Lindsay H. Allen, Ernesto Pollitt

Reference:

Early Human Development, Volume 89, Issue 9, September 2013, Pages 667–674

The aim of this study was to test a theoretical model of children's development using structural equation modeling.

Person:

children

Country:

Zanzibar

Challenges for malaria elimination in Zanzibar: pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors and poor performance of long-lasting insecticide nets

Tags:

pyrethroid

Author(s):

Haji KA, Khatib BO, Smith S, Ali AS, Devine GJ, Coetzee M, Majambere S

Reference:

Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6:82 (28 March 2013)

The aim of the present study was to assess the susceptibility status of malaria vectors against the insecticides used for LLINs and IRS and to determine the durability and efficacy of LLINs on the island.

Country:

Zanzibar

Medical Treatment:

long-lasting insecticide nets

Perception of malaria risk in a setting of reduced malaria transmission: a qualitative study in Zanzibar

Tags:

malaria, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs)

Author(s):

Bauch JA, Gu JJ, Msellem M, Mårtensson A, Ali AS, Gosling R, Baltzell KA

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2013, 12:75 (22 February 2013)

Health care providers and residents generally reported consistent use of malaria preventive measures.

Country:

Zanzibar

Medical Treatment:

long-lasting insecticidal-treated nets (LLINs)

Febrile illness management in children under five years of age: a qualitative pilot study on primary health care workers' practices in Zanzibar

Tags:

malaria, plasmodium falciparum

Author(s):

Baltzell K, Elfving K, Shakely D, Ali AS, Msellem M, Gulati S, Mårtensson A

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2013, 12:37 (28 January 2013)

This pilot study found that health workers in Zanzibar use caregiver history of fever and results of malaria RDTs to guide management of febrile children.

Person:

children

Country:

Zanzibar

Medical Treatment:

RDTs

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