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Nigeria

Rural–urban disparities and factors associated with delayed care-seeking and testing for malaria before medication use by mothers of under-five children, Igabi LGA, Kaduna Nigeria

August 19, 2020 - 09:30 -- Open Access
Tags: 
rural–urban disparities, malaria, Mothers, under-five children, anti-malarial medication, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Obafemi J. Babalola, Olufemi Ajumobi and IkeOluwapo O. Ajayi
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2020 19:294, 18 August 2020

Fever in under-five children (U5) is the commonest presenting complaint in general practice and mothers’ recognition is an entry point for fever treatment, including malaria. This study describes rural–urban disparity in fever prevalence in U5, mothers’ malaria knowledge, care-seeking, testing for malaria before anti-malarial medication and the associated factors.

NOT Open Access | Analysis of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance-associated mutations in Plasmodium falciparum isolates obtained from asymptomatic pregnant women in Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria

August 19, 2020 - 09:17 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, resistance, plasmodium falciparum, asymptomatic, pregnant women, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Fagbemi KA, Adebusuyi SA, Nderu D, Adedokun SA, Pallerla SR, Amoo AOJ, Thomas BN, Velavan TP, Ojurongbe O
Reference: 
Infect Genet Evol. 2020 Aug 14:104503

Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is one of the main strategies for protecting pregnant women, fetus, and their new-born against adverse effects of P. falciparum infection. The development of the drug resistance linked to mutations in P. falciparum dihydrofolate reductase gene (pfdhfr) and P. falciparum dihydropteroate synthase gene (pfdhps), is currently threatening the IPTp-SP approach.

Stocking pattern for anti-malarial medications among proprietary patent medicine vendors in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria

August 4, 2020 - 16:12 -- Open Access
Tags: 
anti-malaria, medications, PPMVs, ACT, Ibadan, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Mary Y. Kodaolu, Adeniyi F. Fagbamigbe and IkeOluwapo O. Ajayi
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2020 19:279, 3 August 2020

Policymakers have recognized that proprietary patent medicine vendors (PPMVs) can provide an opportunity for effective scaling up of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) since they constitute a major source of malaria treatment in Nigeria. This study was designed to determine the stocking pattern for anti-malarial medications, knowledge of the recommended anti-malarial medicine among PPMVs in Akinyele Local Government Area (LGA) of Oyo State, Nigeria and their perception on ways to improve PPMV adherence to stocking ACT medicines.

Is the malaria short course for program managers, a priority for malaria control effort in Nigeria? Evidence from a qualitative study

July 30, 2020 - 13:22 -- Open Access
Tags: 
short course, malaria, program managers, Nigeria, qualitative study
Author(s): 
Ajayi IO, Ajumobi O, Ogunwale A, Adewole A, Odeyinka OT, Balogun MS, Nguku P, Bamiselu O
Reference: 
PLoS ONE 15(7): e0236576

A Malaria Short Course (MSC) was conceptualized to build the capacity of program managers for malaria control due to the lack of a single comprehensive broad-based programmatic training in Nigeria. Prior to its implementation, a needs assessment was conducted based on the perspectives of stakeholders to plan and develop the curriculum.

NOT Open Access | Comparing the accuracy of lay diagnosis of childhood malaria and pneumonia with that of the revised IMCI guidelines in Nigeria

July 20, 2020 - 15:08 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
malaria, pneumonia, children aged 2–59 months, Benin City, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Elimian KO, Myles PR, Phalkey R, Sadoh A, Pritchard C
Reference: 
J Public Health (Oxf). 2020 Jul 15:fdaa103

Improving caregivers’ recognition of childhood malaria and pneumonia is crucial to early treatment and improving outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of caregivers’ recognition of malaria and pneumonia (lay diagnosis) as compared to the revised IMCI guidelines.

High multiple mutations of Plasmodium falciparum-resistant genotypes to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in Lagos, Nigeria

July 14, 2020 - 15:34 -- Open Access
Tags: 
plasmodium falciparum, resistant genotypes, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, Lagos, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Quan H, Igbasi U, Oyibo W, Omilabu S, Chen SB, Shen HM, Okolie C, Chen JH, Zhou XN
Reference: 
Infect Dis Poverty. 2020 Jul 11; 9(1):91

Plasmodium falciparum-resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been largely reported among pregnant women. However, the profile of resistance markers to SP dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) in the general population are varied and not frequently monitored. Currently, SP is used as partner drug for artemisinin combination therapy (SP-artesunate) in some sub-Saharan African countries or as a prophylactic drug in intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy and infants and in seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). Profiling of P. falciparum-resistant genotypes to SP is dynamic and critical in providing data that would be useful for malaria control programmes. This study assessed the profile of dhfr and dhps genes genotypes among individuals with malaria in Lagos, Nigeria.

Presence of additional Plasmodium vivax malaria in Duffy negative individuals from Southwestern Nigeria

June 30, 2020 - 14:18 -- Open Access
Tags: 
Plasmodium vivax, malaria, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Mary Aigbiremo Oboh, Upasana Shyamsunder Singh, Daouda Ndiaye, Aida Sadikh Badiane, Nazia Anwar Ali, Praveen Kumar Bharti and Aparup Das
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2020 19:229, 26 June 2020

Malaria in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) is thought to be mostly caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Recently, growing reports of cases due to Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium vivax have been increasingly observed to play a role in malaria epidemiology in sSA. This in fact is due to the usage of very sensitive diagnostic tools (e.g. PCR), which have highlighted the underestimation of non-falciparum malaria in this sub-region. Plasmodium vivax was historically thought to be absent in sSA due to the high prevalence of the Duffy negativity in individuals residing in this sub-continent. Recent studies reporting detection of vivax malaria in Duffy-negative individuals from Mali, Mauritania, Cameroon challenge this notion.

Haematological Parameters and Spleen Rate of Asymptomatic and Malaria Negative Children in Edo South District, Nigeria

June 29, 2020 - 16:25 -- Open Access
Tags: 
asymptomatic malaria, children 2–9 years old, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Nwaneri D, Oladipo O, Ifebi E, Oviawe O, Asemota O, Ogboghodo B, Israel-Aina Y, Sadoh A
Reference: 
Ann Glob Health. 2020 Jun 17; 86(1):62

Malaria is commonly associated with alteration in haematologic cells of infected individuals in both the acute uncomplicated and severe phases. Whether this alteration occurs in the asymptomatic phase of the disease is still being investigated.

NOT Open Access | Species Composition of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) in Selected Forested Tourist Areas of Nigeria Endemic for Malaria

June 23, 2020 - 15:22 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
plasmodium infection, anopheles (diptera: culicidae), an. gamabiae s.s., tourist areas, Nigeria, malaria
Author(s): 
Oduwole OA, Oringanje CM, Oduola AO, Nwachuku NS, Meremikwu MM, Alaribe AAA
Reference: 
J Med Entomol. 2020 Jun 19:tjaa110

The study was carried out to determine relative abundance, species diversity, of Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae) in selected forested areas in Cross River State, Nigeria and the prevalence of malaria infection in the specimens. Mosquitoes were collected using pyrethrum spray catch and Centre for Disease Control light traps modified with yeast and sugar to generate carbon dioxide (CO2) and identified using morphological identification keys. We used a multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to simultaneously distinguish sibling species of the An. gambiae s.l, including separation of An. gambiae s.s. and An. coluzzii (Diptera: Culicidae).

Identification of Mutations in Antimalarial Resistance Gene Kelch13 from plasmodium falciparum Isolates in Kano, Nigeria

June 2, 2020 - 09:26 -- Open Access
Tags: 
antimalarial resistance, gene kelch13, plasmodium falciparum, artemisinin-combination therapies (ACT), Kano, Nigeria
Author(s): 
Abubakar UF, Adam R, Mukhtar MM, Muhammad A, Yahuza AA, Ibrahim SS
Reference: 
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2020 May 27; 5 (2):E85

Malaria control relies on first-line treatments that use artemisinin-combination therapies (ACT). Unfortunately, mutations in the plasmodium falciparum kelch13 gene result in delayed parasite clearance. Research on what is causing ACT failure is non-existent in northwestern Nigeria. Thus, the presence of mutations in kelch13 in P. falciparum isolates from Kano, Nigeria was investigated in this study.

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