piperaquine

NOT Open Access | Piperaquine exposure is altered by pregnancy, HIV and nutritional status in Ugandan women

Tags:

piperaquine, HIV, Uganda, malaria, pregnant women, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, Africa

Author(s):

Hughes E, Imperial M, Savic RM, et al.

Reference:

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Oct 5:AAC.01013-20

Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PQ) provides highly effective therapy and chemoprevention for malaria in pregnant African women. PQ concentrations >10.3 ng/mL have been associated with reduced maternal parasitemia, placental malaria and improved birth outcomes. We characterized the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of PQ in a post-hoc analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and -uninfected pregnant women receiving DHA-PQ as chemoprevention every 4 or 8 weeks.

Antimalarial drugs inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2: an in vitro evaluation

Tags:

antimalarial drugs, SARS-CoV-2, in vitro, chloroquine, lumefantrine, piperaquine, dihydroartemisinin, Africa

Author(s):

Gendrot M, Andreani J, Pradines B, et al.

Reference:

Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 8:101873

In December 2019, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China. African countries see slower dynamic of COVID-19 cases and deaths. One of the assumptions that may explain this later emergence in Africa, and more particularly in malaria endemic areas, would be the use of antimalarial drugs.

No evidence of amplified Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin II gene copy number in an area with artemisinin-resistant malaria along the China–Myanmar border

Tags:

plasmodium falciparum, artemisinin-resistant, malaria, piperaquine, China–Myanmar border

Author(s):

Fang Huang, Biraj Shrestha, Hui Liu, Lin-Hua Tang, Shui-Sen Zhou, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Shannon Takala-Harrison, Pascal Ringwald, Myaing M. Nyunt and Christopher V. Plowe

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:334, 14 September 2020

The emergence and spread of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum poses a threat to malaria eradication, including China’s plan to eliminate malaria by 2020. Piperaquine (PPQ) resistance has emerged in Cambodia, compromising an important partner drug that is widely used in China in the form of dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-PPQ. Several mutations in a P. falciparum gene encoding a kelch protein on chromosome 13 (k13) are associated with artemisinin resistance and have arisen spread in the Great Mekong subregion, including the China–Myanmar border. Multiple copies of the plasmepsin II/III (pm2/3) genes, located on chromosome 14, have been shown to be associated with PPQ resistance.

Plasmodium falciparum genetic factors rather than host factors are likely to drive resistance to ACT in Ghana

Tags:

plasmodium falciparum, resistance, ACT, lumefantrine, amodiaquine, piperaquine, Ghana

Author(s):

Peter Hodoameda, Nancy Odurowah Duah-Quashie, Charles Oheneba Hagan, Sena Matrevi, Benjamin Abuaku, Kwadwo Koram and Neils Ben Quashie

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:255, 15 July 2020

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) partner drugs, currently used in Ghana are lumefantrine, amodiaquine and piperaquine. Plasmodium falciparum isolates with reduced susceptibility to these partner drugs may affect treatment outcome. Mutations in pfmdr1 gene is linked to reduced parasite susceptibility to amodiaquine and lumefantrine. In addition, the potency of the partner drugs in vivo depends on the metabolism by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme in the host. Mutations in the CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 genes are linked to reduced metabolism of amodiaquine and lumefantrine in vitro, respectively. This study investigated the host and parasite genetic factors affecting the susceptibility of the malaria parasite to ACT partner drugs.

Prevalence of mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter, PfCRT, and association with ex vivo susceptibility to common anti-malarial drugs against African Plasmodium falciparum isolates

Tags:

chloroquine resistance transporter, Pfcrt, ex vivo susceptibility, anti-malarial drugs, Africa, plasmodium falciparum, piperaquine, Asian, South America

Author(s):

Francis Tsombeng Foguim, Hervé Bogreau, Mathieu Gendrot, Joel Mosnier, Isabelle Fonta, Nicolas Benoit, Rémy Amalvict, Marylin Madamet, Sharon Wein and Bruno Pradines

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:201, 5 June 2020

The Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine transporter gene (pfcrt) is known to be involved in chloroquine and amodiaquine resistance, and more particularly the mutations on the loci 72 to 76 localized within the second exon. Additionally, new mutations (T93S, H97Y, C101F, F145I, M343L, C350R and G353V) were recently shown to be associated with in vitro reduced susceptibility to piperaquine in Asian or South American P. falciparum strains. However, very few data are available on the prevalence of these mutations and their effect on parasite susceptibility to anti-malarial drugs, and more particularly piperaquine in Africa.

Cardiovascular safety and population pharmacokinetic properties of piperaquine in African patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria - a pooled multicentre analysis

Tags:

piperaquine, Africa, falciparum malaria

Author(s):

Wattanakul T, Ogutu B, Tarning J, et al.

Reference:

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Apr 20. pii: AAC.01848-19

Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine has shown excellent efficacy and tolerability in malaria treatment. However, concerns have been raised of potentially harmful cardiotoxic effects associated with piperaquine. The population pharmacokinetics and cardiac effects of piperaquine were evaluated in 1,000 patients, mostly children enrolled in a multicentre trial from 10 sites in Africa.

NOT Open Access | Absence of a High Level of Duplication of the Plasmepsin II Gene in Africa

Tags:

piperaquine

Author(s):

Marie Gladys Robert, Francis Foguim Tsombeng, Bruno Pradines, et al.

Reference:

Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2018 62:e00374-18

Resistance to piperaquine has been associated with the amplification of the plasmepsin II gene in Cambodia.

Country:

Cambodia

Fitness cost of resistance for lumefantrine and piperaquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei in a mouse model

Tags:

lumefantrine, piperaquine, plasmodium berghei

Author(s):

Winnie R Gimode, Daniel M Kiboi, Francis T Kimani, Hannah N Wamakima, Marion W Burugu, Francis W Muregi

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2015, 14:38 (28 January 2015)

The study aimed to investigate how resistance against lumefantrine (LU) and piperaquine (PQ), anti-malarials used as partner drugs in artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), impacts parasite fitness.

In vitro interaction of lumefantrine and piperaquine by atorvastatin against Plasmodium falciparum

Tags:

malaria, pyronaridine, piperaquine, lumefantrine

Author(s):

Dormoi J, Savini H, Amalvict R, Baret E, Pradines B

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2014, 13 :189 (25 May 2014)

Even though in vitro data indicate that atorvastatin improved the activity of lumefantrine and piperaquine, the same may not necessarily be true in vivo.

Medical Treatment:

antimalarials

MMV in partnership: the Eurartesim(R) experience

Tags:

artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin, piperaquine

Author(s):

Ubben D, Poll EM

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2013, 12:211 (19 June 2013)

This case study describes how a public-private partnership between Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) and Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite SpA achieved international regulatory approval for use of the fixed-dose artemisinin-based combination therapy dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (Eurartesim(R)) for the treatment of malaria, enabling more widespread access to the medicine in malaria-endemic countries.

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