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falciparum

NOT Open Access | Erythrocyte membrane proteins involved in the immune response to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infection

April 7, 2021 - 11:58 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
erythrocyte membrane, plasmodium, falciparum, vivax
Author(s): 
Castro-Salguedo C, Mendez-Cuadro D, Moneriz C
Reference: 
Parasitol Res. 2021 Apr 2

Invasion of Plasmodium into the red blood cell involves the interactions of a substantial number of proteins, with red cell membrane proteins as the most involved throughout the process from entry to exit. The objective of this work was to identify proteins of the human erythrocyte membrane capable of generating an antigenic response to P. falciparum and P. vivax infection, with the goal of searching for new molecular targets of interest with an immunological origin to prevent Plasmodium infection.

NOT Open Access | Exploring Heteroaromatic Rings as a Replacement for the Labile Amide of Antiplasmodial Pantothenamides

April 6, 2021 - 14:29 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
malaria, plasmodium, falciparum, knowlesi, antiplasmodial pantothenamides
Author(s): 
Guan J, Spry C, Auclair K, et al.
Reference: 
J Med Chem. 2021 Apr 1

Malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites are developing resistance to antimalarial drugs, providing the impetus for new antiplasmodials. Although pantothenamides show potent antiplasmodial activity, hydrolysis by pantetheinases/vanins present in blood rapidly inactivates them. We herein report the facile synthesis and biological activity of a small library of pantothenamide analogues in which the labile amide group is replaced with a heteroaromatic ring.

NOT Open Access | Geographical spread and structural basis of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine drug-resistant malaria parasites

March 31, 2021 - 14:48 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, plasmodium, falciparum, vivax, malaria
Author(s): 
Chaturvedi R, Chhibber-Goel J, Verma I, Gopinathan S, Parvez S, Sharma A
Reference: 
Int J Parasitol. 2021 Mar 25:S0020-7519(21)00113-2

The global spread of sulfadoxine (Sdx, S) and pyrimethamine (Pyr, P) resistance is attributed to increasing number of mutations in DHPS and DHFR enzymes encoded by malaria parasites. The association between drug resistance mutations and SP efficacy is complex. Here we provide an overview of the geographical spread of SP resistance mutations in Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and Plasmodium vivax (Pv) encoded dhps and dhfr genes.

Asymptomatic Plasmodium infection and associated factors among pregnant women in the Merti district, Oromia, Ethiopia

March 31, 2021 - 14:41 -- Open Access
Tags: 
plasmodium, falciparum, vivax, pregnant women, ethiopia
Author(s): 
Subussa BW, Eshetu T, Degefa T, Ali MM
Reference: 
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 25;16(3):e0248074

Asymptomatic Plasmodium infection (API) that occurs during pregnancy increases the risk of stillbirths, abortion, premature delivery, and low birth weight. API also hinders the control and prevention of malaria as infected hosts serve as silent reservoirs for transmission of Plasmodium species in the community.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of API and associated factors among pregnant women. This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Merti district, Oromia, Ethiopia among 364 pregnant women from March to September 2018.

Rolling out the radical cure for vivax malaria in Asia: a qualitative study among policy makers and stakeholders

March 24, 2021 - 14:50 -- Open Access
Tags: 
Primaquine, vivax malaria, falciparum, Asia
Author(s): 
Bipin Adhikari, Ghulam Rhahim Awab and Lorenz von Seidlein
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2021 20:164, 23 March 2021

Wide-spread implementation of treatment regimens for the radical cure of vivax malaria is hindered by a range of factors. This has resulted in an increase in the relative proportion of vivax malaria and is an important obstacle in the achievement of global malaria elimination by 2030. The main objective of this study was to explore the current policies guiding the treatment plans on vivax malaria, and the factors affecting the implementation of radical cure in South/South East Asian and Asian Pacific countries.

NOT Open Access | Differential diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in mixed infection by colorimetric nanogold probes

March 24, 2021 - 14:18 -- NOT Open Access
Tags: 
malaria, plasmodium, falciparum, vivax
Author(s): 
Wangmaung N, Chomean S, Ittarat W
Reference: 
Anal Biochem. 2021 Mar 20:114173

Malaria is an infectious disease reported mostly in the tropical region. The most severe human malaria is Plasmodium falciparum since it can cause cerebral malaria. Therefore, the presence of P.falciparum either in single or mixed infection needs accurate diagnosis. In some mixed infections, the presence of P.falciparum may be cryptic which cannot be detected by microscopic examination.

Spatio-temporal associations between deforestation and malaria incidence in Lao PDR

March 13, 2021 - 16:33 -- Open Access
Tags: 
plasmodium, vivax, falciparum, malaria, Lao PDR
Author(s): 
Rerolle F, Dantzer E, Lover AA, Marshall JM, Hongvanthong B, Sturrock HJ, Bennett A
Reference: 
Elife. 2021 Mar 9;10:e56974

As countries in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) increasingly focus their malaria control and elimination efforts on reducing forest-related transmission, greater understanding of the relationship between deforestation and malaria incidence will be essential for programs to assess and meet their 2030 elimination goals. Leveraging village-level health facility surveillance data and forest cover data in a spatio-temporal modeling framework, we found evidence that deforestation is associated with short-term increases, but long-term decreases in confirmed malaria case incidence in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).

Molecular and morphological identification of suspected Plasmodium vivax vectors in Central and Eastern Sudan

March 10, 2021 - 14:49 -- Open Access
Tags: 
anopheles mosquito, plasmodium, falciparum, vivax, sudan
Author(s): 
Omnia Fathelrhman Abdelwhab, Arwa Elaagip, Musab M. Albsheer, Ayman Ahmed, Giacomo Maria Paganotti and Muzamil Mahdi Abdel Hamid
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2021 20:132, 4 March 2021

In spite of the global effort to eliminate malaria, it remains the most significant vector-borne disease of humans. Plasmodium falciparum is the dominant malaria parasite in sub-Saharan Africa. However, Plasmodium vivax is becoming widely spread throughout Africa. The overuse of vector control methods has resulted in a remarkable change in the behaviour of mosquito that feeds on human as well as on vector composition. The aim of this study was to identify Anopheles mosquito species in vivax malaria endemic regions and to investigate their role in P. vivax circumsporozoite protein (Pvcsp) allele diversity.

Reduced circulating dendritic cells in acute Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium falciparum malaria despite elevated plasma Flt3 ligand levels

February 17, 2021 - 09:15 -- Open Access
Tags: 
dendritic cell, knowlesi, plasmodium, falciparum, malaria
Author(s): 
Jessica R. Loughland, Tonia Woodberry, Gabriela Minigo, et al.
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2021 20:97, 16 February 2021

Plasmodium falciparum malaria increases plasma levels of the cytokine Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), a haematopoietic factor associated with dendritic cell (DC) expansion. It is unknown if the zoonotic parasite Plasmodium knowlesi impacts Flt3L or DC in human malaria. This study investigated circulating DC and Flt3L associations in adult malaria and in submicroscopic experimental infection.

Plasmodium falciparum outbreak in native communities of Condorcanqui, Amazonas, Perú

February 15, 2021 - 16:14 -- Open Access
Tags: 
malaria, plasmodium, vivax, falciparum, Peru
Author(s): 
Carla C. Montenegro, T. Pershing Bustamante-Chauca, Cecilia Pajuelo Reyes, Miguel Bernal, Lizandro Gonzales, Rafael Tapia-Limonchi, Juan R. Tejedo and Stella M. Chenet
Reference: 
Malaria Journal 2021 20:88, 12 February 2021

Malaria remains a serious health threat in the Amazonas Region of Peru and approximately 95% of the cases, mainly Plasmodium vivax, are found in native communities of The Rio Santiago District, Condorcanqui Province. In 2019, more than one thousand malaria cases were reported, with an unusual number of Plasmodium falciparum autochthonous cases. The present study aims to report this P. falciparum outbreak while describing the epidemiology of malaria and the risk factors associated in the native communities of Amazonas, Peru.

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