children

NOT Open Access | Risk factors for Burkitt lymphoma in East African children and minors: A case-control study in malaria-endemic regions in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya

Tags:

Burkitt lymphoma, children, case-control study, malaria, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya

Author(s):

Peprah S, Ogwang MD, Kerchan P, Reynolds SJ, Tenge CN, Were PA, Kuremu RT, Wekesa WN, Sumba PO, Masalu N, Kawira E, Magatti J, Kinyera T, Otim I, Legason ID, Nabalende H, Dhudha H, Ally H, Genga IO, Mumia M, Ayers LW, Pfeiffer RM, Biggar RJ, Bhatia K, Goedert JJ, Mbulaiteye SM

Reference:

Int J Cancer. 2020 Feb 15;146(4):953-969

Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is the most common childhood cancer in sub‐Saharan African countries, however, few epidemiologic studies have been undertaken and none attempted enrolling cases from multiple countries. We therefore conducted a population‐based case–control study of eBL in children aged 0–15 years old in six regions in Northern Uganda, Northern Tanzania and Western Kenya, enrolling 862 suspected cases and 2,934 population controls (response rates 98.5–100%), and processing ~40,000 vials of samples using standardized protocols.

Stage-specific Plasmodium falciparum immune responses in afebrile adults and children living in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Tags:

plasmodium falciparum, immune responses, afebrile, adults, children, Accra, Ghana

Author(s):

Festus K. Acquah, Aminata C. Lo, Kwadwo Akyea-Mensah, Hamza B. Abagna, Babacar Faye, Michael Theisen, Ben A. Gyan and Linda E. Amoah

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:64, 10 February 2020

Asymptomatic carriage of Plasmodium falciparum is widespread in adults and children living in malaria-endemic countries. This study identified the prevalence of malaria parasites and the corresponding levels of naturally acquired anti-parasite antibody levels in afebrile adults living in two communities in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.

A 2-month intervention study of preventive clothing against mosquito bites among malnourished and well-nourished children under 5 years of age living on the Atlantic Ocean Coast of Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

Tags:

preventive clothing, mosquito bites, children, Lagos, Southwest Nigeria

Author(s):

Bamgboye M. Afolabi, Titilola M. Afolabi, Abiodun Ogunwale and Adewunmi Aiyesetenikan

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:61, 5 February 2020

Malnutrition is appreciated as a global leading paediatric burden that indirectly or directly contributes to child mortality. In children, malnutrition has profound effects on health and development; and has been associated with poor outcomes in paediatric diseases. However, it is not clear if malnourished children are at an increased risk of having malaria. This study was conducted to evaluate the risk of malaria infection in children with malnutrition.

Long-term immunogenicity and immune memory response to the hepatitis B antigen in the RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine in African children: a randomized trial

Tags:

immunogenicity, memory response, hepatitis B antigen, RTS, S/AS01E, malaria vaccine, Africa, children, randomized trial

Author(s):

Valéa I, Adjei S, Agbenyega T, et al.

Reference:

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020 Jan 17:1-7

RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine contains the hepatitis B virus surface antigen and may thus serve as a potential hepatitis B vaccine. To evaluate the impact of RTS,S/AS01E when implemented in the Expanded Program of Immunization, infants 8–12 weeks old were randomized to receive either RTS,S/AS01E or a licensed hepatitis B control vaccine (HepB), both co-administered with various combinations of the following childhood vaccines: diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-Haemophilus influenzae type b, trivalent oral poliovirus, pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate and human rotavirus vaccine.

Safety and immunogenicity of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in infants and children identified as HIV-infected during a randomized trial in sub-Saharan Africa

Tags:

RTS, S/AS01, malaria, vaccine, infants, children, randomized trial, sub-Saharan Africa

Author(s):

Otieno L, Guerra Mendoza Y, Oneko M, et al.

Reference:

Vaccine Volume 38, Issue 4, 22 January 2020, Pages 897-906

We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in a subset of children identified as HIV-infected during a large phase III randomized controlled trial conducted in seven sub-Saharan African countries.

Exploring association between MBL2 gene polymorphisms and the occurrence of clinical blackwater fever through a case–control study in Congolese children

Tags:

MBL2 gene polymorphisms, clinical blackwater fever, Congo, children

Author(s):

Joseph M. Bodi, Célestin N. Nsibu, Kenji Hirayama, et al.

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:25, 15 January 2020

Blackwater fever (BWF), one of the most severe and life-threatening forms of falciparum malaria, is characterized by acute massive intravascular haemolysis, often leading to acute renal failure. Thus far, the genetics of the underlying susceptibility to develop BWF is not fully elucidated. Deficiency in the MBL protein, an important component of the innate immune system, has previously been suggested to be a susceptibility factor for the development of severe malaria. This study aimed to evaluate the association between MBL2 gene polymorphisms, known to affect the MBL protein level/activity, and the occurrence of BWF among Congolese children.

Associations between red blood cell variants and malaria among children and adults from three areas of Uganda: a prospective cohort study

Tags:

red blood cell, malaria, children, adults, Uganda, cohort study

Author(s):

Elijah Kakande, Bryan Greenhouse, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, et al.

Reference:

Malaria Journal 2020 19:21, 15 January 2020

Multiple red blood cell (RBC) variants appear to offer protection against the most severe forms of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Associations between these variants and uncomplicated malaria are less clear.

NOT Open Access | High Circulation of Malaria and Low Prevalence of Bacteremia in Febrile and Afebrile Children in Northeastern Gabon

Tags:

malaria, bacteremia, febrile, afebrile, children, Gabon

Author(s):

Boumbanda Koyo CS, Oyegue-Liabagui SL, Mediannikov O, Cortaredona S, Kouna LC, Raoult D, Lekana-Douki JB, Fenollar F

Reference:

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 102, Issue 1, 8 Jan 2020, p. 121 - 129

The epidemiology of febrile illness etiologies is under-explored in resource-poor settings. Establishing a local repertory of microorganisms circulating in blood of febrile and afebrile people is important for physicians. Blood was collected from 428 febrile and 88 afebrile children in Makokou (Gabon) and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. Plasmodium spp. were the pathogens, which were most detected in febrile children (69.6%; 298/428) and in afebrile children (31.8%; 28/88) (P < 0.0001).

Economic and Resource Use Associated With Management of Malaria in Children Aged <5 Years in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review

Tags:

economic, Resource Use, malaria, children, sub-Saharan Africa, review

Author(s):

El-Houderi A, Constantin J, Castelnuovo E, Sauboin C

Reference:

MDM Policy & Practice, 2019 Dec 21;4(2):2381468319893986.

Malaria is a major health, economic, and social burden in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective is to help understanding the economic impact of malaria and informing estimates of the potential economic impact of malaria prevention. To achieve this, we conducted a systematic review of published information on health system costs, health care resource use, and household costs for the management of malaria episodes in children aged <5 years in sub-Saharan Africa.

NOT Open Access | High-dose chloroquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria is well tolerated and causes similar QT prolongation as standard dose chloroquine in children

Tags:

High-dose, chloroquine, plasmodium falciparum, malaria, QT prolongation, standard dose, children

Author(s):

Ursing J, Rombo L, Eksborg S, Larson L, Bruvoll A, Tarning J, Rodrigues A, Kofoed PE

Reference:

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Jan 6. pii: AAC.01846-19

Higher chloroquine doses can effectively treat up to 93-96% of malaria infections caused by P. falciparum carrying the resistance conferring chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) 76T allele. The tolerability of 50 (double standard dose) and 70 mg/kg total chloroquine doses were assessed in this study.

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